俄对美英德法波乌等战争之Bakhmut之战末，和然后，和中国，和宇宙，和其她

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

Russia’s jamming of US-provided rocket systems complicates Ukraine’s war effort

Washington
CNN
—
Russia has been thwarting US-made mobile rocket systems in Ukraine more frequently in recent months, using electronic jammers to throw off its GPS guided targeting system to cause rockets to miss their targets, multiple people briefed on the matter told CNN.

Ukrainian military officials, with the US’ help, have had to come up with a variety of different workarounds as it continues to use the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) which has been perhaps the most revered and feared piece of weaponry in Ukraine’s fight.

The medium-range rocket systems were hailed as a game changer in the conflict and have played a key role since the moment they arrived in Ukraine last summer, including in last year’s offensive that allowed Ukraine to take back significant swaths of territory from Russia.

But in recent months, the systems have been rendered increasingly less effective by the Russians’ intensive blocking, five US, British and Ukrainian sources tell CNN, forcing US and Ukrainian officials to find ways to tweak the HIMARS’ software to counter the evolving Russian jamming efforts.

“It is a constant cat-and-mouse game” of finding a countermeasure to the jamming, a Pentagon official said, only to then have the Russians counteract that countermeasure. And it is not clear how sustainable that game is in the long term.

With a major Ukrainian counteroffensive expected to start very soon and Ukraine’s reliance on HIMARS, solutions are even more of a priority so that Ukrainian troops can make significant headway.

“It’s one thing to be able to hold the Russians off where they are right now. It’s another thing to drive them out,” retired US Army Brig. Gen. Steven Anderson told CNN. “They’re dug in, they’ve been there for a year.”

Ukraine needs to keep ‘HIMARS in the game’
HIMARS “have been extremely important,” he added. “They have to be able to keep those HIMARS in the game and keep using them to be able to make effective deep strikes.”

Ukraine has received 18 American HIMARS to date and the US has committed to sending 20 more. Other NATO allies have donated 10 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems, according to the State Department.

The routine announcements from the Biden administration of hundreds of millions of dollars of military aid for Ukraine, including one on Wednesday, regularly include HIMARS munitions, called GMLRs, as a top item, though notably the exact number is not revealed.

The US has also helped the Ukrainians locate the Russian jammers and destroy them – a “high priority” effort, according to a secret Pentagon document that was part of a trove allegedly leaked by Airman Jack Teixeira.

“We will continue to advocate/recommend that those jammers are disrupted/destroyed,” the document says, “to the maximum extent possible.”

GPS jamming can affect other “smart” US munitions like the precision-guided Excalibur artillery shells fired from Howitzers and air-dropped bombs called JDAMs. The leaked Pentagon document described the JDAMS as being particularly susceptible to the disruption.

A US official confirmed that the US has been advising the Ukrainians on how to identify and destroy Russian jammers since there are a limited number of ways to modify HIMARS and their rockets.

Pentagon official downplays impact of jamming efforts
A senior Pentagon official downplayed the impact of the interference, telling CNN that on Monday Ukrainian forces fired 18 rockets without issue, about the daily rate of the past few weeks. The official declined to comment on the broader impact of the jamming. HIMARS are manufactured by Lockheed Martin, which deferred questions on jamming to the US government.

Electronic warfare is carried out by both sides, up and down the front line where there is heavy drone activity used for surveillance and in partnership with artillery targeting. The hardware can also be mounted on or around whatever might be targeted.

Depending on the location and strength of the jamming, a rocket can still launch and result in a successful strike with significant damage. In addition to GPS guidance, the rockets have inertial navigation systems that are not susceptible and remain accurate, though not as precise as when guided by GPS coordinates.

Widespread Russian jamming can have drawbacks for their own forces as well, impacting their ability to communicate and operate.

But even when they do function, the HIMARS have increasingly been missing targets, said one Ukrainian source briefed by drone operators on the frontlines.

One drone pilot on the Eastern front described the jamming of the mobile HIMARS as “significant,” according to the source, something he hadn’t seen in his area before last November, several months after the HIMARS first arrived in Ukraine at the beginning of the summer.

Another drone operator in the southern Kherson region claimed to the source that the effectiveness of HIMARS was down dramatically while cautioning that they’re still very necessary and relied on but no longer as dominant as they once were.

For nearly a year, the HIMARS system has been the longest-range rocket system Ukraine has, allowing troops to fire up to six rockets in quick succession at Russian positions as far as 50 miles away. With an accuracy of around 10 feet, the 200-pound warheads have taken out logistics hubs, ammunition depots, command posts and communication nodes, among other targets.

They were also instrumental in helping Ukraine retake significant amounts of territory in the south and northeast last fall, and as of February, Ukraine had expended approximately 9,500 HIMARS rockets, according to a daily update from the time reviewed by CNN.

‘Constant tweaking’
A US official familiar with the workarounds said they include updates to the software on both the targeting system software as well the rockets.

The senior Pentagon official described it as: “constant tweaking to get them to stay effective,” adding that updates had been made as recently as this week.

“If their jamming gets more sophisticated, then your countermeasures have to get more sophisticated,” a British official agreed.

Russia’s use of electronic warfare has not been nearly as widespread as expected when Russia first invaded but they have made use of it since the beginning of the war. It’s a routine part of modern warfare that can be cheap and easy to implement. It’s expected, so the focus is on ways to “dilute” the impact, the official said.

But with Russian units largely stalled on the Ukrainian frontlines and stuck in defensive positions, Russian forces have made increasing use of their jamming systems to counteract the HIMARS, sources said.

A separate but related problem for Ukraine is that the Russians have been moving some of their equipment further back and out of reach of the HIMARS systems, which have a range of about 50 miles.

While the rocket systems are capable of firing longer-range missiles called ATACMS – which can reach targets over 185 miles away – the US has resisted providing them to Ukraine both because the missiles are in limited supply and because the US is worried Russia would see them as too provocative.

The British official acknowledged that since HIMARS were first introduced, the requirements, the training and supplementary equipment has changed as Russia’s electronic interference has evolved.

“Jamming is like the weather or the terrain, it’s something that happens that you have to deal with,” the official said. Still, he added, HIMARS remains a “highly useful piece of kit.”
https://edition.cnn.com/2023/05/05/poli ... index.html

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

US Prepares to Fast Track $500 Million of Arms for Taiwan
Sale marks first time US has used the authority for Taiwan
Pentagon and White House declined to comment on Friday

The Biden administration is pulling together a $500 million weapons package for Taiwan, using for the first time a fast-track authority that it has relied on to speed arms to Ukraine, people familiar with the matter said.

The package will involve sending existing stockpiles of US weapons or support equipment to Taiwan under what’s known as a Presidential Drawdown Authority, said the people, who asked not to be identified discussing private deliberations. The equipment to be in the package wasn’t immediately known.

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles ... ify%20wall

[meiyoumajia]

Video confirmation of the news
The enemy has been destroyed!

From the side of the Armed Forces of Ukraine there was an attempt to counterattack on N.P. Water.
The First Guards Slavic Brigade and Somalia repulsed the counteroffensive.
One enemy infantry fighting vehicle and up to 30 APU militants were destroyed.


30,04,23 Avdiivka - Vodyane - Severnoye

The landing group of the Armed Forces of Ukraine under shelling from the forces of the NM DPR.

48.112088, 37.674573

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

今天是1月5日，1938年的今天，苏联志愿航空队抵达武汉。
1937年，七七卢沟桥事变发生时，中国空军名义上有500架飞机，但实际能够起飞战斗的只有91架，真正合格的航空人员不超过六百人。而侵华日军拥有850架飞机，他们向天皇夸口“只要三个小时，就可以将中国空军消灭干净”。战事进行了4个月后，蒋介石给斯大林发去密电：“尤其飞机一项，实迫不及待，中国现只存轻轰炸机不足十架，需要之急，无可与比。”
根据《中苏互不侵犯条约》，苏联开始派遣军事专家和志愿航空队援助中国抗日。1937年10月22日，苏联援华的首批225 架飞机抵达新疆，同时到达的还有苏联两个飞行志愿大队。苏联提供的是当时世界上最先进的机型，其中外号叫“喀秋莎”的斯勃快速轰炸机，它的速度甚至比日本96式战斗机还要快。
1937年10月底，日军在淞沪战场强行推进，将中国守军阵地炸成焦土，中国空军彻底放弃了对上海方向的支援。而防卫南京的空军，只剩7架飞机可以起飞迎敌。中国的制空权，彻底落入日军手中。
1937年12月1日，苏联志愿航空队23架战斗机、20架轰炸机飞抵南京。刚在南京机场着陆，日机突然来袭，苏联战机紧急升空作战。这一天，苏联战机五次升空迎战轮番来袭的敌机，共击落日机3 架。战斗中，飞行员安德烈耶夫牺牲，中国飞行员敖居贤同时阵亡，列米佐夫跳伞生还。苏联志愿航空队和中国空军共同投入了南京保卫战。日军王牌飞行员战后回忆说，苏联飞机投弹之准确，轰炸之猛烈，脱离战场之快速，可谓空前绝后，从无如此的干净利落。
1937年12月13日，南京失守，国民政府军事统帅部迁往武汉。武汉是当时中国第二大城市，也是中国的腹心之地。日军认为只要夺取了武汉，就能让中国政府和军队彻底投降。1938年1月5日，苏联志愿航空队抵达武汉，开始了守卫中国腹心之地的战斗。
从1937年到1941年，苏联志愿援华航空队采取轮换形式，共向中国派遣了3665名飞行员、机械师、工程师和各类航空辅助人员。他们中的217名牺牲在中国，平均年龄只有28岁。

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

今年前3个月中美货物交易情况

月份 出口 进口 进出口 逆差

January 2022 11,475.20 47,846.90 59,322.10 -36,371.70
February 2022 11,594.00 42,260.00 53,854.00 -30,666.00
March 2022 13,375.10 47,373.50 60,748.60 -33,998.40
total 36,444.30 137,480.40 173,924.70 -101,036.10



January 2023 13,092.60 38,252.90 51,345.50 -25,160.30
February 2023 11,618.60 30,620.60 42,239.20 -19,002.00
March 2023 14,181.10 30,789.70 44,970.80 -16,608.60
total 38,892.30 99,663.20 138,555.50 -60,770.90



1 14.09% -20.05% -13.45% -30.82%
2 0.21% -27.54% -21.57% -38.04%
3 6.03% -35.01% -25.97% -51.15%
total 6.72% -27.51% -20.34% -39.85%

https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5700.html

[meiyoumajia]

美国------越南

January 2022 770.20 9,899.20 10,669.40 -9,129.00
February 2022 837.70 8,170.80 9,008.50 -7,333.10
March 2022 1,098.70 11,475.00 12,573.70 -10,376.30
total 2,706.60 29,545.00 32,251.60 -26,838.40



January 2023 733.80 9,227.30 9,961.10 -8,493.50
February 2023 819.90 8,311.30 9,131.20 -7,491.40
March 2023 917.60 8,221.80 9,139.40 -7,304.20
total 2,471.30 25,760.40 28,231.70 -23,289.10



1 -4.73% -6.79% -6.64% -6.96%
2 -2.12% 1.72% 1.36% 2.16%
3 -16.48% -28.35% -27.31% -29.61%
total -8.69% -12.81% -12.46% -13.22%
https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5520.html

[meiyoumajia]

meanwhile ...

[meiyoumajia]

azov brigade at a 0-line
in a watery trench in bakhmut area

warning

warning
---i

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]

[meiyoumajia]