pascaldechin 写了: 2024年 10月 16日 20:09
在老站上我也写过一篇类似的,比较两个译本特别是人名翻译的小文章。
我记得我影响最深的是一个版本里的 Aroma 比另一个版本(应该是杨宪益)的 Xiren 好玩太多了。
没存下来?
Aroma是Hawkes版的,也对应袭人的花姓哦。不过这样的词作为人名总有种说不出的味道,好像有点pompous,又比较老套。另外有些名字很难找英语对应,像郭靖。
刚看了篇射雕新译本的评论,人名还不止音译+意译,还分好几种情况:主角是音译,配角音+意,演员和妓女(想不起来射雕里有啥演员妓女)用法语,和尚道士用拉丁语……还有例外的具体人物,真是太用心了:
https://u.osu.edu/mclc/book-reviews/hull/
……
Readers who are familiar with the original will probably find the translation of proper names a polarizing choice. In some ways, Holmwood seems to have adopted a scheme similar to David Hawkes’ famous arrangement in his translation of The Story of the Stone. His solution to a massive cast of characters was to categorize them: main characters would have their names rendered in Pinyin; actors and prostitutes would have their names translated into French; monks would have Latin names, etc. For A Hero Born, there is a similar mix of Pinyin and translation, but without the systematic rigor of Hawkes. The two central characters—Guo Jing and Yang Kang—are rendered in Pinyin alone. In the original Chinese, when these names are chosen, a mystical Daoist explains that their names are linked by the shame of the year Jingkang, when the capital city of Kaifeng was sacked. In the translation, an explanation of their given names, Jing as “serenity” and Kang as “vitality,” is added. In this way, the English reader gets not only the meaning of the characters in their names, which the Chinese reader would not need explained, but also the significance of their names in the original text. This choice of adding interlineal explanation into the text is sure to be controversial, but is certainly consistent with the rest of the text.
This difficulty of names with meaning is handled differently in the case of Lotus Huang (Huang Rong). She is a central character, and one might expect her name to be rendered in Pinyin to match Guo Jing and Yang Kang. But there is a narrative problem: when she explains to the rather slow-witted Guo Jing that her given name is “Lotus,” he doesn’t understand that Lotus is a female name and so he continues to think that she is a young boy. Holmwood addresses this in an unmarked endnote, explaining that, “If I had kept Lotus’ name in the Pinyin, we English readers would be left feeling just as dim as poor Guo Jing” (392). The reader needs to be in on the implication of the femininity of the name, something that would be difficult to do without an explicit addition to the text.
Many of the remainder of the characters have their names at least partially translated. Thus we have Ironheart Yang, Charity Bao, Skyfury Guo, Lily Li. These names might give pause or seem awkward, but in practice they provide little friction to reading. Others present larger challenges in English: The Eastern Heretic, Apothecary Huang; and Gallant Ouyang, Master of White Camel Mount. We also have the Seven Freaks of the South, including Flying Bat Master Ke Zhen’e, Suppressor of Evil; Gilden Quan the Prosperous, Cloaked Master of the Market; and Jade Han, Maiden of the Yue Sword. These titles and names are obviously much more compact in Chinese, and there must have been some temptation to either keep them in Pinyin, or to shorten them in some way. However, there is real value in translating them, even at the expense of some tension to readers and some anxiety to fans. Maintaining the ornate peculiarity of the genre is fundamental to this translation, and these names, and the titles of the martial arts routines, which Holmwood also translates, are very effective in bringing the reader into the fictional world.